Castor, the beaver, and Apolodontia, the mountain beaver, enter the LRT almost together
This came as no surprise.
In the large reptile tree (LRT, 2330 taxa) Castor, the beaver (Fig 1), nested with Plesiadapis, the plesiadapid (not a pre-primate in the LRT) at the base of Glires, the gnawing clade. These still nest close to Multituberculata, another gnawing clade with a reversal in the posterior jaw bones that otherwise would have evolved into inner ear bones during embryonic development.
The erection of the clade Rodentia (Bowdich 1821) predates the erection of the clade Plesiadapiformes (Simons and Tattersal 1972 by over a century.
So, say goodbye to Plesiadapiformes, now a junior synonym.
Figure 1. At left, Late Paleocene, Plesiadapis. At right, Castor the extant beaver to scale. DGS colors added here.
” data-medium-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg?w=236″ data-large-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg?w=584″ class=”size-full wp-image-90211″ src=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg” alt=”Figure 1. At left, Late Paleocene, Plesiadapis. At right, Castor the extant beaver to scale. DGS colors added here. ” width=”584″ height=”743″ srcset=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg?w=584&h=743 584w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg?w=118&h=150 118w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg?w=236&h=300 236w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/plesiadapis.castor.skull_.3views588.jpg 588w” sizes=”(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px” />
Figure 1. At left, Late Paleocene, Plesiadapis. At right, Castor the extant beaver to scale. DGS colors added here. These two nest as sisters in the LRT.
Nearby
Aplodontia, the mountain beaver (Fig 2), nested with Paramys and Coendou, the extant porcupine, basal to all other rodents (except those shown in figure 1).
Figure 1. Aplodontia skull compared to Paramys and Coendou.
” data-medium-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif?w=206″ data-large-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif?w=584″ class=”size-full wp-image-90216″ src=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif” alt=”Figure 1. Aplodontia skull compared to Paramys and Coendou. ” width=”584″ height=”851″ srcset=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif?w=584&h=851 584w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif?w=103&h=150 103w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif?w=206&h=300 206w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/aplodontia-rufa588.gif 588w” sizes=”(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px” />
Figure 1. Aplodontia skull compared to Paramys and Coendou.
The clade Rodentia extends into the Jurassic
with Henkelotherium, as reported earlier here. That’s just as old as the other clade in the placentalia3 clade, Multituberculata, which is traditionally – but mistakenly considered a pre-mammal.
References
de Lacépède BGE 1799. Tableau des divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des mammifères. Paris: Plassan. [Originally issued as a pamphlet dated “L’An VII de la République”
Leidy J 1871. Remains of extinct mammals from Wyoming. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences 23: 113–116.|
Matthew WD 1910. On the osteology and relationships of Paramys and the affinities of the Ischyromyidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 28:43–72.
Rafinesque CS 1817. Descriptions of seven new genera of North American quadrupeds. American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review 2:44–46.
wiki/Paramys
wiki/Ratufa
wiki/Sciurus
wiki/Glaucomys
wiki/Coendou
wiki/Aplodontia
wiki/Plesiadapiformes
wiki/Rodent
wiki/Henkelotherium
wiki/Dryolestida
Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2024/12/03/castor-the-beaver-and-apolodontia-the-mountain-beaver-enter-the-lrt-almost-together/
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